Theoretical description of PIV measurement errors

Abstract Expressions for particle image velocimetry (PIV) mean error and variance are derived iterative deformation method algorithms. The analytical expressions explicitly account the role of in- out-of-plane displacements, displacement gradients, diameter, fill factor imaging sensor, noise, light sheet intensity distribution, seeding concentration, interpolation function used to deform PIV images, interrogation window size weighting window. newly show good agreement with errors estimated using synthetic sets.